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Titanium and Titanium Alloys
Specimen Preparation (Class 6 Procedures)
Metallographic Class 6 sample preparation  

Titanium alloys are very useful because they have a good strength to weight ratio. This makes them idea for use in areas ranging from areospace to sports equipment. Preparation of titanium and titanium alloys is fairly straight forward by conventional metallographic techniques.

For final polishing a method known as Attack Polishing using a combination of colloidal silica and hydrogen peroxide combined with Kroll's reagent has been demonstrated to produce an excellent final metallographic surface finish for titanium and titanium alloys.

SECTIONING
MAXCUT Abrasive blade (Cat. No. MAX-C or MAX-I series)

MOUNTING
Compression Mounting with Phenolic, Epoxy or Diallyl Phthalate compression mounting resins

POLISHING
Abrasive/surface Lubricant Force/ sample Speed
(Head/base)
Time Individual
Force mode
Central Force
mode
120 grit SiC paper*
240 grit SiC paper*
Water 5-10 lbs 200/200 rpm Planar
1 min
  Metallographic central polishing force
360 grit SiC paper
600 grit SiC paper
Water 5-10 lbs 200/200 rpm 1 min
1 min
Metallographic individual polishing force Metallographic central polishing force
9 um DIAMAT diamond
on POLYPAD polishing pad
DIALUBE Purple
Extender
5 lbs 200/200 rpm 3 min Metallographic individual polishing force Metallographic central polishing force
6 um DIAMAT diamond
on TEXPAN polishing pad
DIALUBE Purple
Extender
5 lbs 200/200 rpm 3 min Metallographic individual polishing force Metallographic central polishing force
1 um DIAMAT diamond
on GOLDPAD polishing pad
DIALUBE Purple
Extender
5-10 lbs 200/200 rpm 2 min Metallographic individual polishing force Metallographic central polishing force
Titanium Attack mixed
with Kroll's reagent on
MICROPAD polishing pad
  5-10 lbs 200/200 rpm 5-10 min Metallographic individual polishing force Metallographic central polishing force

*Required for central polishing force. Click here for more information on central vs. individual polishing force polishing.

Metallographic micrograph of Titanium Ti6Al4V alloy
Ti6Al4V titanium alloy, 400X (DIC), etched
Wrought titanium microstructure
Wrought Titanium, 200X (BF), Etchant Ammonium Bifluoride.
Alpha-rich wrought titanium microstructure
Alpha-rich Case Wrought Titanium, 200X (BF).

ETCHING

Common Etchants
PACE Technologies Recommended Etchants

PACE Technologies Etchant Database

CAUTION:Safety is very important when etching. Be sure to wear the appropriate protective clothing and observe all WARNINGS on chemical manufacuters SDS (Safety Data Sheets). Also review the COMMENTS and CONDITIONS Section for each etchant.


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