Skip to main content

8% Nital

General Purpose

Composition

8% Nitric Acid in Ethanol

8%

Method

Immersion

Time

2–10 s

Alternative Names

8% Nitric AcidNital 8%

Tags

alloy-steeltool-steelhighly-alloyed-steel

Reveals

Prior austenite grain boundaries and tempered martensite contrast in heavily alloyed Q&T steels

Typical Results

High-concentration nital. Rare in modern practice; most metallographers prefer 5% Nital with a longer dwell. Reserved for very heavily alloyed quench-and-tempered steels where lower concentrations under-etch the prior austenite grain network.

Application Method

Method:Immersion
Typical Time:2–10 s

Preparation Notes

Mix 8 ml concentrated nitric acid with 92 ml ethanol. Add acid slowly to ethanol.

Application Notes

Immerse 2–10 s at room temperature. Very aggressive; start with the shortest time and add seconds as needed. Rinse with ethanol then water.

Troubleshooting

If 5% already over-etches, 8% will worsen it. The issue is dwell time, not concentration. Use 5% and pull faster.

Storage Notes

Tightly capped amber glass. Stable 3–6 months.

Alternative Etchants

  • 5% Nital
  • Vilella's Reagent

Similar Etchants

  • 5% Nital

ASTM References

ASTM E407 #74