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ASTM No. 3

General Purpose

Composition

100ml Ethanol, 5ml HNO₃

5%

Method

Immersion

Time

15s

Alternative Names

ASTM E407 No. 3

Tags

general-purposecarbon-steelcast-iron

Reveals

Grain boundaries, ferrite, pearlite

Typical Results

ASTM standard etchant. Similar to 5% Nital. Good for carbon and low-alloy steels.

Color Effects

Pearlite darkens, ferrite remains light

Compatible Materials

carbon-steellow-alloy-steelcast-iron

Incompatible Materials

stainless-steelaluminum

Application Method

Method:immersion
Typical Time:15 seconds

Preparation Notes

Mix 5ml concentrated nitric acid (HNO₃) with 100ml ethanol. Add acid to ethanol slowly with stirring.

Application Notes

Immerse sample for 15-30 seconds. Rinse with ethanol then water. Dry with compressed air.

Troubleshooting

Similar to 5% Nital. If over-etched, reduce time. If under-etched, increase time slightly.

Storage Notes

Store in dark glass bottle with tight cap. Keep away from light. Shelf life: 3-6 months if properly stored.

Alternative Etchants

  • 5% Nital
  • 3% Nital

Similar Etchants

  • 5% Nital
  • 3% Nital

ASTM References

ASTM E407